Whistleblowing occurs when an individual, typically an employee, exposes information or activities within their workplace that are deemed illegal, unethical, or not correct. The action of whistleblowing involves reporting types of wrongdoing that affect others, such as colleagues, the organization itself, or the general public.
Criteria for Whistleblowing
For a disclosure to be considered whistleblowing:Public Interest: The reported issue must involve matters of public interest, affecting health, safety, or the general welfare of the public or the organization's integrity.
Type of Wrongdoing: Common types of reportable wrongdoing include:
Violations of legal obligations.
Miscarriages of justice.
Dangers to health and safety.
Damage to the environment.
The cover-up of any of these.
Legal Protections for Whistleblowers
By law, whistleblowers are afforded significant protections designed to encourage the reporting of misconduct without fear of retaliation:Protection from Retaliation: Whistleblowers should not face any form of unfair treatment, discrimination, or job loss as a consequence of reporting wrongdoing.
Confidentiality: Efforts should be made to protect the identity of the whistleblower to the extent possible and permissible under the law.
Timing of Disclosures
Historical, Present, and Future Wrongdoing: Concerns can be raised about incidents that occurred in the past, are ongoing, or are believed to be potential future risks or malpractices.